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Endogenous viral elements: evolution and impact.

Clément Gilbert1, Cédric Feschotte2

  • 1Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267 Écologie et biologie des interactions, Équipe Écologie évolution symbiose, bâtiment B8-B35, 6, rue Michel-Brunet, TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Endogenous viruses, integrated into host germlines, are increasingly discovered across eukaryotes. Studying these viruses reveals their impact on host genome evolution and provides insights into viral origins and host interactions.

Keywords:
ecologyendogenous virusesevolutionfossilspaleovirologyretroviruses

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Paleovirology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Endogenous viruses are integrated into host germline DNA and passed down through generations.
  • Recent genomic sequencing advances have revealed numerous non-retroviral endogenous viruses in eukaryotes.
  • All eukaryotic virus types have the potential to become endogenous.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline methods for detecting endogenous viruses in eukaryotic genomes.
  • To detail how endogenous viruses influence host genome evolution.
  • To explore how endogenous viruses inform our understanding of current virus evolution and host interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic detection of endogenous viruses using genomic sequencing data.
  • Analysis of evolutionary impacts of endogenous viruses on host genomes.
  • Integration of paleovirology and virology approaches.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of diverse non-retroviral endogenous viruses across eukaryotic lineages.
  • Demonstration of endogenous viruses shaping host genome evolution through various mechanisms.
  • New perspectives on the origins and evolution of extant viruses.

Conclusions:

  • Endogenous viruses are a significant factor in host genome evolution.
  • The study of endogenous viruses enhances understanding of viral origins and host-virus ecology.
  • Combining paleovirology and virology is crucial for deciphering complex virus-host interactions.