Viral apoptotic mimicry
Ophélie Dejarnac1, Laurent Meertens1, Manuel Perera1
1Inserm U944, Laboratoire de pathologie et virologie moléculaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, av. Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France, Institut universitaire d'hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France.
Abstract:
Apoptotic cells clearance, or efferocytosis, is an essential and highly conserved cellular process mainly based on the recognition of the phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) exposed on the surface of apoptotic bodies by the phagocyte. Since a decade, several studies have shown that many viruses can hijack this biological process by exposing PtdSer on their viral envelope to facilitate infection. This apoptotic mimicry concept has been recently strengthened by recent discoveries showing that multiple enveloped virus families bind directly or indirectly to PtdSer receptors in order to initiate their infectious cycle. This review focus on recent advances in this topic and discuss about PtdSer receptors function, especially TIM (T-Cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin domain) and TAM (Tyro3, Axl, Mer) families, during infection and viral entry.
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