[Molecular Features and Clinical Significance of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Elderly Patients]

To study the molecular characteristics and clinical significance of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Dideoxy sequencing was used to analyze the mutation spectrum and clinical significance of 51 hematopathy-related genes in 52 patients with newly diagnosed elderly AML. The efficacy of 39 patients receiving DCAG chemotherapy was also analyzed.

The mutational frequency was high in elderly AML patients (98.1%, 51/52), and there were some coexistence or mutual exclusion between different mutations. Both the number of mutations and the incidence of epigenetic mutations DNMT3A, TET2 (P<0.01), as well as FLT3-ITD (P<0.05) increased with age. c-KIT mutations were most common in favorable-risk AML (P<0.01), while NPM1 and DNMT3A were common in intermediate-risk AML (P<0.05), especially in AML with normal karyotype. The complete remission rate of elderly AML patients receiving DCAG chemotherapy was 71.8% (28/39).

Elderly AML patients have specific molecular characteristics, and the incidence of methylation-related gene mutations is very high, showing a certain significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.