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Depression: Biological markers and treatment
Gordana Nedic Erjavec1, Marina Sagud2, Matea Nikolac Perkovic1
1Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
|October 17, 2020
Summary
Depression involves systemic biological factors like HPA axis dysregulation and inflammation. Omics approaches may reveal biomarkers for personalized depression treatment and diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biochemistry
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Depression is a complex systemic illness with diverse biological underpinnings.
- Current diagnosis relies on symptoms, lacking biomarkers for treatment selection due to biological heterogeneity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, neurotrophins, inflammation, and neurotransmitter systems in depression.
- To explore the potential of metabolomic and glycomic species as depression biomarkers.
- To discuss current medical treatments for depression.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of biological mechanisms in depression.
- Analysis of "omics" approaches (metabolomics, glycomics) for biomarker discovery.
- Overview of current depression treatments.
Main Results:
- HPA axis dysregulation, neurotrophic factor imbalance, inflammation, and neurotransmitter disturbances are implicated in depression.
- Metabolomic and glycomic profiles show promise as potential biomarkers.
- Personalized treatment and diagnostic strategies are emerging.
Conclusions:
- Biological factors offer potential for developing accessible biomarkers.
- These biomarkers could facilitate personalized treatment selection and diagnostic approaches for depression.
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