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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Epigenetic Regulation01:46

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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What is Gene Expression?01:42

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Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
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What is Gene Expression?01:36

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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Epigenetic Regulation of Cardiac Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells and Tissues
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Epigenetic regulation of post-embryonic development.

Subba Reddy Palli1

  • 1Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, S225 Ag. Science N, Lexington, KY 40546, United States.

Current Opinion in Insect Science
|October 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetic modifiers like DNA methylation and histone modifications regulate gene expression and development in insects. Understanding these mechanisms can aid in pest control strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Insect Biology

Background:

  • DNA and histone modifications are crucial for genome organization and gene expression.
  • Epigenetic regulation, including DNA methylation, influences behavior and caste differentiation in social insects.
  • Histone modifications are vital for development and reproduction in insects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the roles of epigenetic modifiers in insect biology.
  • To understand the function and mechanisms of histone-modifying enzymes.
  • To explore the potential of epigenetic modifiers for pest control.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of genes encoding histone-modifying enzymes (acetyltransferases, deacetylases, methyltransferases, demethylases) in insect genomes.
  • Functional studies on selected enzymes to elucidate their mechanisms of action.
  • Analysis of epigenetic modifier roles in post-embryonic development.

Main Results:

  • Genes for key epigenetic modifiers have been identified across various insect species.
  • Studies revealed the involvement of these enzymes in post-embryonic development.
  • Specific enzymes contribute to critical biological processes in insects.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic modifiers play significant roles in insect development, reproduction, and behavior.
  • Knowledge of epigenetic modifier functions can inform the development of novel pest control agents.
  • Targeting epigenetic pathways presents a promising strategy for managing insect pests and disease vectors.