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Published on: April 22, 2019
Inducing multiple antibodies to treat squamous cell esophageal carcinoma
Isamu Hoshino1, Yoshihiro Nabeya2, Nobuhiro Takiguchi2
1Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2 Nitonacho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan. ihoshino@chiba-cc.jp.
Background:
The positive response and the clinical usefulness of 14 serum antibodies in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) were examined in this study. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used to investigate the frequency of gene expressions, mutations, and amplification of these 14 antigens and also the possible effects of antibody induction.
Methods:
Blood serum derived from 85 patients with ESCC was collected and analyzed for the 14 antibodies using ELISA. The prognosis between positive and negative antibodies were then compared. The antibody panel included LGALS1, HCA25a, HCC-22-5, and HSP70.
Results:
Patient serum was positive for all antibodies, except VEGF, with the positive rates ranging from 1.18 to 10.59%. Positive rates for LGALS1, HCA25a, HCC-22-5, and HSP70 were > 10%. TCGA data revealed that all antigen-related genes had little or no mutation or amplification, and hence an increase in gene expression affected antibody induction. The positive results from the panel accounted for the positive rate comparable to the combination of CEA and SCC. No significant association was observed between the presence of antibodies and disease prognosis.
Conclusions:
The detection rates of LGALS1, HCA25a, HCC-22-5, and HSP70 were 10% higher in patients with ESCC. Gene overexpression may be involved in such antibody production. These four antibodies were applied as a panel in comparison with conventional tumor markers. Moreover, it was confirmed that the combination of this panel and the conventional tumor markers significantly improved the positive rate.
Insights
This study identified four key serum antibodies (LGALS1, HCA25a, HCC-22-5, HSP70) with elevated detection rates in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. Combining these with conventional markers improved diagnostic accuracy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Genomics
Background:
- Investigated 14 serum antibodies for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) detection.
- Utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) for gene expression, mutation, and amplification analysis of 14 antigens.
- Examined the role of antibody induction in ESCC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the clinical utility of 14 serum antibodies in ESCC patients.
- To determine the frequency of gene expressions, mutations, and amplifications related to these antigens.
- To assess the impact of antibody induction on ESCC diagnosis.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed serum from 85 ESCC patients using ELISA for 14 antibodies.
- Included LGALS1, HCA25a, HCC-22-5, and HSP70 in the antibody panel.
- Compared antibody presence with patient prognosis and TCGA data.
Main Results:
- All tested antibodies were detected, except VEGF, with positive rates from 1.18% to over 10%.
- LGALS1, HCA25a, HCC-22-5, and HSP70 showed detection rates exceeding 10%.
- Gene overexpression, not mutation or amplification, correlated with antibody induction; panel performance matched CEA and SCC combinations, but no prognostic association was found.
Conclusions:
- LGALS1, HCA25a, HCC-22-5, and HSP70 demonstrated elevated detection rates (>10%) in ESCC patients.
- Gene overexpression is implicated in the production of these antibodies.
- A panel of these four antibodies combined with conventional tumor markers significantly enhanced diagnostic positive rates in ESCC.
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