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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

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Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
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Varicose Veins I: Introduction01:26

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Varicose veins, or varicosities, are abnormally dilated and twisted superficial veins caused by venous valve incompetence. This condition commonly affects the lower extremities, especially the saphenous veins, due to the higher pressure from prolonged standing and walking. However, varicosities can also occur in other areas, such as the esophagus, vulva, spermatic cords, and anorectal region.Etiology and typesPrimary varicose veins, often idiopathic, are more common in women due to inherent...
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The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
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Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
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Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:20

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The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
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The vascular phase, also known as vasospasm, is the initial stage of hemostasis, crucial for preventing excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. After a vessel is cut, nerves in the damaged area trigger pain and other sensory impulses. Simultaneously, the smooth muscles in the vessel wall contract, resulting in a vascular spasm. This contraction reduces the vessel's diameter at the injury site, slowing or stopping blood loss through the vessel wall. Vascular spasms typically last...
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Updated: Dec 5, 2025

A Patient-Derived Xenograft Model for Venous Malformation
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Vascular tumors.

Sara A Mansfield1, Regan F Williams1, Ionela Iacobas2

  • 1Division of Pediatric Surgery, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.

Seminars in Pediatric Surgery
|October 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vascular tumors, a rare type of vascular anomaly, present diagnostic and treatment challenges. This review covers their characteristics and summarizes current treatment strategies based on existing literature.

Keywords:
AngiosarcomaKaposiform hemangioendotheliomaSpindle cell hemangiomaVascular tumors

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular anomalies
  • Tumor classification
  • Medical diagnostics

Background:

  • Vascular tumors are a rare subset of vascular anomalies.
  • Classification based on malignant potential or local destruction potential has been historically difficult.
  • Treatment recommendations are often based on limited case series.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the presentation, pathologic, and imaging characteristics of vascular tumors.
  • To summarize current treatment recommendations for vascular tumors based on literature.
  • To differentiate vascular tumors from congenital and infantile hemangiomas, which are discussed separately.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on vascular tumors.
  • Analysis of presentation, pathology, and imaging findings.
  • Synthesis of treatment recommendations from case series and current literature.

Main Results:

  • Vascular tumors exhibit diverse presentations, pathologic features, and imaging characteristics.
  • Classification remains challenging due to their rarity and varied potential for malignancy or local destruction.
  • Current treatment strategies are summarized from available literature.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate classification and standardized treatment for vascular tumors require further research.
  • Understanding the specific characteristics is crucial for effective management.
  • This review provides a consolidated overview for clinicians managing these rare conditions.