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Alpha-1-microglobulin: Prognostic value in chronic kidney disease

Nicolás R Robles1, Juan Lopez Gomez2, Guadalupe Garcia Pino3

  • 1Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, España; Cátedra de Riesgo Cardiovascular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, España.

Medicina Clinica
|October 18, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

High urine alpha1-microglobulin (α1M) levels indicate faster chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and increased mortality risk. This biomarker may help predict patient outcomes in kidney disease.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Biomarkers
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Alpha1-microglobulin (α1M) is a protein filtered by renal tubules.
  • Elevated α1M in urine can indicate acute kidney injury.
  • Its role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and survival is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate urine α1M excretion as a predictor of CKD progression.
  • To assess the association between urine α1M levels and patient survival.

Main Methods:

  • 163 patients with CKD were recruited.
  • Urinary α1M levels were measured using an immunonephelometric assay.
  • Patients were stratified based on urinary α1M excretion levels.

Main Results:

  • Patients with higher α1M excretion had significantly lower renal function survival (72.7% vs. 94.2% at 5 years, P=.011).
  • Higher α1M levels were associated with reduced life survival (54.2% vs. 94.4%, P=.001).
  • Cox regression confirmed high α1M excretion as an independent predictor of CKD progression (P=.043).

Conclusions:

  • Urinary α1M excretion is linked to accelerated CKD progression.
  • Elevated α1M levels correlate with increased mortality risk in CKD patients.
  • Further research is required to establish causality between α1M and mortality.
Keywords:
Alfa-1-microglobulinaAlpha-1-microglobulinChronic kidney diseaseEnfermedad renal crónicaMortalidadMortalityPrognosisPronóstico

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