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Social Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Patients After Anesthesia and Surgery.

Delin Zhang1, Jun Ying2, Xiaochi Ma3

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Frontiers in Psychology
|October 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Anesthesia and surgery can impair social cognition in elderly patients, affecting biological motion (BM) perception. This social cognitive dysfunction was found to be separate from general cognitive recovery after surgery.

Keywords:
anesthesia and surgerybiological motiondelayed neurocognitive recoveryholistic processingsocial cognition

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Cognitive processing deficits are common after anesthesia and surgery, especially in the elderly.
  • Existing research primarily focuses on general cognitive impairments, neglecting social cognition.
  • Social cognition, crucial for interaction, has been understudied in post-anesthesia and post-surgery contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential social cognitive dysfunction following anesthesia and surgery in elderly patients.
  • To assess the impact of anesthesia and surgery on the perception of biological motion (BM), a key indicator of social cognition.

Main Methods:

  • Elderly patients (≥ 60 years) underwent social cognition testing using biological motion (BM) perception tasks.
  • General cognition was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination.
  • Cognitive tests were administered 1 day before and 7 days after surgery.

Main Results:

  • 31.25% of patients demonstrated a deficit in BM perception after surgery compared to pre-surgery baseline.
  • This deficit in social cognition was observed independently of general neurocognitive recovery.
  • Findings suggest anesthesia and surgery can specifically impact social cognitive abilities.

Conclusions:

  • Anesthesia and surgery can lead to social cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients.
  • Biological motion perception deficits indicate a specific impairment in social cognition.
  • Social cognitive impairment post-surgery is distinct from general cognitive recovery.