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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Concentration of Virus Particles from Environmental Water and Wastewater Samples Using Skimmed Milk Flocculation and Ultrafiltration
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Tracking COVID-19 via sewage.

Christopher M Rooney1, Ines B Moura, Mark H Wilcox

  • 1Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.

Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
|October 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) can track SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater, aiding COVID-19 surveillance. However, challenges remain in viral concentration, quantification, and aligning data with public health trends.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Public health surveillance
  • Virology

Background:

  • Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) offers a promising tool for monitoring infectious diseases.
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing COVID-19, is typically susceptible to degradation in wastewater.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of the fecal-oral route in COVID-19 transmission.
  • To evaluate the utility of WBE for tracking SARS-CoV-2.
  • To identify challenges and advancements in wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater.
  • Analysis of methodologies for viral detection, concentration, and quantification in wastewater samples.

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Last Updated: Dec 5, 2025

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Main Results:

  • Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater is feasible, supporting its use in disease surveillance.
  • Viral quantification in wastewater can potentially predict community prevalence of COVID-19.
  • Current methods face challenges in efficient viral concentration and accurate quantification.

Conclusions:

  • WBE is a valuable adjunct for COVID-19 surveillance, enabling early detection of SARS-CoV-2.
  • Further research is needed to optimize WBE methods for reliable epidemiological data alignment.
  • Addressing challenges in wastewater analysis is crucial for enhancing public health response to pandemics.