Ror β expression in activated macrophages and dental pulp stem cells

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Stem Cell Biology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Inflammation in dental pulp involves complex cellular responses.
• Macrophage polarization (M1/M2) is critical in inflammatory processes.
• Dental pulp stem cells (hI-DPSCs) possess immunomodulatory properties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate Retinoic acid-related orphan receptor beta (Ror β) expression in hI-DPSCs.
• To analyze Ror β expression during macrophage phenotypic conversion (M1/M2).
• To understand Ror β's role in inflammatory and anti-inflammatory conditions.

Main Methods:

• THP-1 monocytes were differentiated into macrophages.
• Macrophage polarization to M1 and M2 phenotypes was induced and confirmed.
• Stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-13 was performed.
• Ror β expression in macrophages and hI-DPSCs was assessed via Western blot.
• Cytokine release was measured using BD cytokine flex kit.

Main Results:

• THP-1 cells successfully differentiated into macrophages expressing CD-14.
• Polarized M1 and M2 macrophages showed distinct CD marker expression.
• M1 macrophages released IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10; M1 and M2 released TGF-β.
• Ror β expression was upregulated in macrophages and hI-DPSCs upon anti-inflammatory cytokine treatment.

Conclusions:

• Ror β is expressed in resting THP-1 macrophages and hI-DPSCs.
• Anti-inflammatory stimuli significantly upregulate Ror β expression.
• Ror β may play a role in the anti-inflammatory responses of macrophages and dental pulp stem cells.