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Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
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Equilibration on average in quantum processes with finite temporal resolution.

Pedro Figueroa-Romero1, Kavan Modi1, Felix A Pollock1

  • 1School of Physics & Astronomy, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.

Physical Review. E
|October 20, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores how quantum systems reaching equilibrium can be observed over time. We developed a method to measure how well a system approximates equilibrium, considering measurement timing and precision.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Statistical mechanics
  • Quantum information theory

Background:

  • Understanding quantum system equilibration is crucial for quantum technologies.
  • Current models often assume instantaneous measurements, which is experimentally unrealistic.
  • Describing quantum processes with finite temporal resolution requires new theoretical frameworks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the conditions for approximating a multitime quantum process with an equilibrium one.
  • To generalize the concept of equilibration for operational, multi-time assessments.
  • To bound the distinguishability between a finite-resolution multitime process and a fixed equilibrium state.

Main Methods:

  • Generalizing the notion of "equilibration on average" to multi-time operational assessments.
  • Introducing and bounding a new observable distinguishability measure.
  • Analyzing the dependence of equilibration on temporal resolution and measurement disturbance.

Main Results:

  • Identified necessary conditions for single-time equilibration, like initial state energy level occupation.
  • Derived genuine multitime contributions to distinguishability.
  • Showed that temporal resolution and observer disturbance significantly impact multi-time equilibration.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum systems with finite temporal resolution can be approximately described by equilibrium states under specific conditions.
  • The developed measure provides an operational way to assess multi-time equilibration.
  • Accurate characterization requires considering the interplay between system dynamics, measurement precision, and observer interaction.