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Related Concept Videos

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The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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What is Gene Expression?01:42

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Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Comprehensive Analysis of Procoagulant Platelets Exhibiting Features of Necrosis, Apoptosis and Platelet Activation
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Post-Transcriptional Expression Control in Platelet Biogenesis and Function.

Carolin T Neu1, Tony Gutschner2, Monika Haemmerle1

  • 1Institute of Pathology, Section for Experimental Pathology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|October 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Platelets, cell fragments crucial for healing, also mediate immune responses and cancer. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key to sorting RNA into platelets, influencing their function and biogenesis.

Keywords:
RBPcircRNAlncRNAmiRNAplateletsposttranscriptional regulationthrombosis

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology and Molecular Biology
  • Cellular and Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Platelets are anucleate blood cell fragments derived from megakaryocytes.
  • Beyond hemostasis, platelets are increasingly recognized for their roles in immunity and cancer.
  • Platelets contain diverse RNA species, essential for their biogenesis and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review RNA species within platelets and their impact on megakaryopoiesis, platelet biogenesis, and function.
  • To focus on post-transcriptional control mechanisms governing RNA fate in platelets, emphasizing RNA-binding proteins (RBPs).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing current knowledge on platelet RNA biology.
  • Focus on RNA sorting mechanisms from megakaryocytes to platelets.
  • Emphasis on the role of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in regulating RNA fate.

Main Results:

  • Platelets harbor diverse RNAs sorted from megakaryocytes, influencing platelet development and function.
  • RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are critical regulators of RNA sorting, translation, and decay in platelets.
  • RBPs, alongside other non-coding RNAs, orchestrate multiple stages of the platelet life cycle.

Conclusions:

  • RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play a pivotal role in platelet RNA management and function.
  • Understanding platelet RNA regulation by RBPs is crucial for elucidating platelet roles in health and disease.
  • This review highlights the significance of post-transcriptional control in platelet biology.