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Related Concept Videos

DNA Bacteriophages01:26

DNA Bacteriophages

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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
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Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

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Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
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Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

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In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
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Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle01:20

Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle

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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
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Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle01:16

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle

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The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects...
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Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

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The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
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Sepsis, Phages, and COVID-19.

Andrzej Górski1,2,3, Jan Borysowski4, Ryszard Międzybrodzki1,2,4

  • 1Bacteriophage Laboratory, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences (HIIET PAS), 53-114 Wrocław, Poland.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Phage therapy offers a promising new treatment for sepsis, potentially eradicating bacterial infections and modulating immune responses. Clinical trials are needed to confirm its efficacy in sepsis, including viral cases.

Keywords:
COVID-19phagesepsis

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Area of Science:

  • Bacteriology
  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Therapeutics

Background:

  • Sepsis remains a critical condition with limited treatment options.
  • Bacteriophage therapy is being explored as a novel approach to combat sepsis.
  • Phages may address local infections, bacteremia, and dysregulated immune responses in sepsis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential of phage therapy in treating sepsis.
  • To explore phage therapy's role in managing inflammatory and immune abnormalities associated with sepsis.
  • To assess the applicability of phage therapy in viral sepsis and severe COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing animal studies on phage therapy for experimental sepsis.
  • Analysis of recent case reports on successful human sepsis treatment with phages.
  • Consideration of emerging data on phage antiviral properties.

Main Results:

  • Animal studies indicate phage therapy is effective for experimentally induced sepsis.
  • Published reports show successful clinical outcomes in sepsis patients treated with phages.
  • Phages demonstrate potential antiviral activity relevant to conditions like COVID-19.

Conclusions:

  • Phage therapy shows significant promise as a treatment for sepsis.
  • Further clinical trials are essential to establish the value of phage therapy in sepsis.
  • Phage therapy could be a valuable adjunct treatment for sepsis, including viral etiologies.