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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Biogeochemistry
  • Ecosystem Science

Background:

  • Microbial sulfur cycling is crucial in sulfur-rich mangrove ecosystems.
  • Understanding sulfur transformation impacts is vital for mangrove health.
  • Previous studies lack detailed analysis of sulfur-cycling microbes in diverse mangrove habitats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the diversity, composition, and structure of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB).
  • To identify key environmental factors and microbial mechanisms driving sulfur cycling in mangrove sediments.
  • To compare microbial communities across introduced and native mangrove species and adjacent mudflats.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of physicochemical properties of mangrove sediments.
  • Characterization of microbial communities using molecular techniques.
  • Redundancy analysis to correlate microbial structure with environmental variables.

Main Results:

  • SOB dominated by Thiohalophilus and Chromatium; SRB dominated by Desulfatibacillum in specific mangrove species.
  • Temperature, redox potential (ORP), and sulfate (SO42-) significantly influenced microbial communities.
  • Elemental sulfur (ES) and total carbon (TC) were key drivers for SOB and SRB, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Mangrove species harbor distinct SOB and SRB communities capable of utilizing ES and SO42-, promoting sulfur cycling.
  • Nutrient changes (TN, TC) impact SOB susceptibility more than SRB.
  • The study highlights the significant role of SOB and SRB in sulfur transformation within sulfur-rich mangrove ecosystems.