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Updated: Dec 5, 2025

International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure
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International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure

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Spontaneous pneumothorax in children

Ran D Goldman

    Canadian Family Physician Medecin De Famille Canadien
    |October 20, 2020
    PubMed

    Insights

    Primary spontaneous pneumothorax is increasingly common in children and adolescents. Management varies from rest and oxygen for small cases to chest tubes or surgery for larger ones, with a high recurrence rate in teens.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Pulmonology
    • Thoracic Surgery

    Background:

    • Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is a condition where air enters the pleural space in children, with rising incidence.
    • Associated factors include emphysematous bleb, asthma, and tobacco use; congenital anomalies may be present in younger children.

    Observation:

    • Diagnosis relies on clinical examination (auscultation, observation) and imaging.
    • Adolescents have a high rate of recurrence.

    Findings:

    • Treatment strategies are tailored to pneumothorax size.
    • Small pneumothoraces are managed with supportive care (rest, oxygen).

    Implications:

    • Larger pneumothoraces may require chest tube insertion or surgical intervention.
    • Understanding risk factors and recurrence is crucial for pediatric patient management.

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