Identification of psychiatric disorder subtypes from functional connectivity patterns in resting-state
Yu Zhang1,2,3, Wei Wu1,2,4,5, Russell T Toll6
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Researchers identified two distinct subtypes of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) using brain connectivity patterns. One subtype showed poor response to standard treatments, suggesting new diagnostic approaches.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Computational Biology
Background:
- Psychiatric disorders like PTSD and MDD are complex and heterogeneous.
- Identifying distinct subtypes can improve understanding and treatment.
- Current diagnostic methods may not capture underlying neurobiological differences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify clinically relevant subtypes of PTSD and MDD using brain functional connectivity.
- To investigate the transferability of identified subtypes across datasets.
- To explore treatment response variations between subtypes.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) data from four independent patient cohorts.
- Unsupervised and supervised machine learning techniques applied to power-envelope-based functional connectivity.
- Examination of connectivity patterns within the frontoparietal control and default mode networks.
Main Results:
- Two distinct, clinically relevant subtypes of PTSD and MDD were identified based on functional connectivity.
- These subtypes were transferable across independent datasets and recording conditions.
- One subtype exhibited reduced responsiveness to psychotherapy for PTSD and antidepressant medication for MDD.
- Both subtypes showed similar response rates to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for MDD.
Conclusions:
- Data-driven identification of subtypes based on functional connectivity offers a potential generalizable solution for diagnosis.
- Connectome-based approaches may refine our understanding of psychiatric disorders.
- Subtype identification could guide personalized treatment strategies for PTSD and MDD.
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