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Quantification of Severity of Unilateral Coronal Synostosis
Sophia A J Kronig1, Otto D M Kronig1, Henri A Vrooman2,3
1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 8124University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Objectives:
Severity of unilateral coronal synostosis (UCS) can vary. Quantification is important for treatment, expectations of treatment and natural outcome, and education of the patient and parents.
Design:
Retrospective study.
Setting:
Primary craniofacial center.
Patients, Participants:
Twenty-three preoperative patients with unilateral coronal craniosynostosis (age < 2 years).
Intervention:
Utrecht Cranial Shape Quantifier (UCSQ) was used to quantify severity using the variables: asymmetry ratio of frontal peak and ratio of frontal peak gradient.
Main Outcome Measures(S):
The UCSQ variables were combined and related to visual score using Pearson correlation coefficient; UCSQ and visual score were additionally compared to Di Rocco classification by one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis test. All measurements were made on computed tomography scans.
Results:
Good correlation between UCSQ and visual score was found (r = 0.67). No statistically significant differences were found between group means of UCSQ in the 3 categories of Di Rocco classification (F2,20 = 0.047; P > .05). Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant differences between group means of visual score in the 3 categories of Di Rocco classification (Kruskal-Wallis H (2) = 0.871; P > .05).
Conclusions:
Using UCSQ, we can quantify UCS according to severity using characteristics, it outperforms traditional methods and captures the whole skull shape. In future research, we can apply UCSQ to 3D-photogrammetry due to the utilization of external landmarks.
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