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Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
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Periodontal Inflammation Primes the Systemic Innate Immune Response.

N Fine1, J W Chadwick1,2, C Sun1

  • 1Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

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|October 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Periodontal diseases (PD) cause systemic inflammation, increasing polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). This exacerbates immune responses to other inflammatory conditions, impacting overall health.

Keywords:
flow cytometrygingivitismacrophagesneutrophilsperiodontal diseasesperitonitis

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oral Health
  • Systemic Inflammation

Background:

  • Periodontal diseases (PDs) are linked to chronic inflammatory conditions like cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
  • The interaction mechanisms between PD and other inflammatory diseases remain unclear.
  • Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) drive tissue destruction in PD through recruitment and priming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the systemic effects of periodontal inflammation on PMN mobilization and priming.
  • To determine if PD influences the innate immune response to secondary inflammatory events.
  • To explore the role of PMNs in the interaction between PD and systemic inflammatory diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Ligature-induced PD model in mice to assess PMN counts in bone marrow and blood.
  • Induction of peritonitis in mice to evaluate PMN responses under combined inflammatory conditions.
  • Flow cytometry to analyze PMN priming (CD marker expression) in mice.
  • Induction of gingival inflammation in human volunteers to assess blood PMN activation ex vivo.

Main Results:

  • Mice with PD showed elevated PMN counts in bone marrow, indicating a systemic effect on PMN production.
  • Combined PD and peritonitis in mice led to synergistic increases in PMN levels and enhanced PMN priming.
  • Human volunteers with gingival inflammation exhibited increased blood PMN activation, which resolved with gingivitis.
  • Periodontal inflammation was shown to have systemic effects, leading to hyperinflammatory PMN responses.

Conclusions:

  • Periodontal tissue inflammation exerts systemic effects that enhance innate immune responses.
  • Peripheral PMNs can synergistically respond to multiple inflammatory triggers, contributing to PD's link with other diseases.
  • Understanding these systemic effects of PD opens avenues for treating associated inflammatory conditions.