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Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and signal-to-noise ratio for the analyte. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.
Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called collision-induced...
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Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
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MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

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Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.
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Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
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Navigating the Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomic Data Using Free Computational Tools
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Emerging mass spectrometry-based proteomics methodologies for novel biomedical applications.

Lindsay K Pino1, Jacob Rose2, Amy O'Broin2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A.

Biochemical Society Transactions
|October 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics advances human health research. New MS techniques enhance disease mechanism study, diagnosis, and treatment discovery.

Keywords:
mass spectrometryproteomicstechnology

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical research
  • Proteomics
  • Mass Spectrometry

Background:

  • Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics is increasingly vital for human health and disease research.
  • Past limitations in throughput and sensitivity have been overcome by recent technological and computational advances.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest developments in MS-based proteomics.
  • To highlight the application of these techniques in understanding human disease mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent technological advancements in MS instrumentation and data acquisition.
  • Exploration of novel protein quantification and analysis approaches.
  • Discussion of innovations in studying protein signaling, modifications, turnover, and single-cell proteomics.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements in MS sensitivity, throughput, and scope.
  • New capabilities for in-depth analysis of protein signaling, spatiotemporal distribution, and post-translational modifications.
  • Emerging workflows for investigating protein complexes, interactions, and intact proteins.

Conclusions:

  • Biomedical MS proteomics research is rapidly evolving with new techniques.
  • These advancements promise actionable discoveries for improving human health.
  • The versatility of MS-based proteomics is key to future biomedical breakthroughs.