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Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Remotely Supervised Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: An Update on Safety and Tolerability
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Walking in multiple sclerosis improves with tDCS: a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study.

Giuseppina Pilloni1,2, Claire Choi3, Michael T Shaw4

  • 1Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology
|October 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple sessions of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with aerobic exercise significantly improved walking speed and endurance in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. These benefits persisted for at least four weeks post-intervention.

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A Protocol for the Use of Remotely-Supervised Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS in Multiple Sclerosis MS
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease impacting mobility.
  • Impaired walking function is a significant challenge for individuals with MS.
  • Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques are being explored to enhance motor recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy of combined transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and aerobic exercise on walking function in MS patients.
  • To determine if multiple tDCS sessions targeting the primary motor cortex (M1) improve gait parameters.
  • To evaluate the persistence of any observed improvements post-intervention.

Main Methods:

  • A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial was conducted with 15 MS participants.
  • Participants received 10 sessions of active or sham tDCS over the left M1 cortex, paired with 20 minutes of cycling.
  • Gait spatiotemporal parameters were measured using wearable inertial sensors at baseline, post-intervention, and 4-week follow-up.

Main Results:

  • The active tDCS group showed significant improvements in gait speed (0.87 to 1.20 m/s) and 2-minute walking test distance (118.53 to 133.06 m) compared to baseline.
  • These improvements were maintained at the 4-week follow-up (gait speed 0.87 to 1.18 m/s; distance 118.53 to 143.82 m).
  • No significant adverse events were reported.

Conclusions:

  • Paired transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and aerobic exercise offer a promising therapeutic approach for improving walking function in MS.
  • The combination therapy leads to cumulative and lasting enhancements in gait speed and endurance.
  • This intervention warrants further investigation for its potential in MS rehabilitation.