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Related Experiment Video

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Human intestinal models to study interactions between intestine and microbes.

Arturo Aguilar-Rojas1,2, Jean-Christophe Olivo-Marin2,3, Nancy Guillen2,4

  • 1Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Medicina Reproductiva, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad en Ginecología y Obstetricia No. 4 'Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala', Av. Río Magdalena No. 289, Col. Tizapán San Ángel, C.P. 01090 Ciudad de México, México.

Open Biology
|October 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers are developing advanced in vitro models of the human intestine to better study interactions with microbes. These systems, including organoids and organ-on-a-chip, bridge the gap between simple cell cultures and the complex human gut.

Keywords:
intestinal cell culturemicrobiotaorgan-on-a-chiporganoidsparasitesthree-dimensional (3D) scaffolds

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • In vitro cell culture systems of the human intestine are crucial for studying host-microbe interactions.
  • The complexity of intestinal tissue necessitates advanced models beyond conventional cell cultures.
  • Existing models struggle to fully replicate the human intestine's structure and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize current in vitro/ex vivo models of the human intestine.
  • To discuss the application of these models in studying human-intestinal microbe interactions.
  • To evaluate the advantages and limitations of various intestinal in vitro models.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on intestinal in vitro/ex vivo models.
  • Categorization of models including cell cultures, organoids, 3D scaffolds, and organ-on-a-chip.
  • Analysis of model utility in studying host-microbe dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Several advanced in vitro models exist, including intestinal organoids, scaffold-based 3D models, and organ-on-a-chip systems.
  • These models offer improved recapitulation of intestinal structures and functions compared to traditional cell cultures.
  • Each model presents unique advantages and limitations for studying microbe interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced in vitro and ex vivo models are essential for bridging the gap between conventional cell cultures and the human intestine.
  • These sophisticated models facilitate a deeper understanding of interactions between the human intestine and its associated microbiota, pathogens, and parasites.
  • Continued development and application of these models are vital for future research in gut health and disease.