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Characterizing and Visualizing Display and Task Fragmentation in the Electronic Health Record: Mixed Methods Design.
Yalini Senathirajah1, David R Kaufman2, Kenrick D Cato3
1Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
JMIR Human Factors
|October 21, 2020
Summary
Analyzing electronic health record (EHR) user interfaces revealed that composable EHRs significantly reduce screen transitions compared to commercial versions. This optimization improves workflow efficiency by minimizing display fragmentation.
Area of Science:
- Health Informatics
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Usability Engineering
Background:
- Electronic health records (EHRs) present usability challenges due to complex data and workflows.
- Display fragmentation, where data is scattered across screens, increases cognitive burden and complicates navigation.
- Task and information fragmentation further exacerbate user difficulties in EHR systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define and analyze sources of fragmentation within EHR user interfaces (UIs).
- To explore theoretical, historical, and practical aspects of EHR fragmentation.
- To employ microanalytic methods and visualizations for understanding fragmentation and identifying EHR optimization opportunities.
Main Methods:
- Sunburst visualizations were used to map EHR navigation structures and calculate the Display Fragmentation Index.
- Time belt visualizations quantified task fragmentation by analyzing sequences of subtasks.
- These visualization techniques were applied to compare commercial and composable EHR interfaces.
Main Results:
- The composable EHR interface demonstrated a significant reduction in screen transitions (43 to 14) compared to the commercial interface.
- The number of clicks, including scrolling, remained comparable between the two interface types.
- This indicates improved navigation efficiency in the composable EHR.
Conclusions:
- The developed methods provide insights into UI requirements for complex health care tasks.
- These techniques can guide the optimization of EHR workflows and inform future EHR redesign efforts.
- Understanding and reducing fragmentation is key to enhancing EHR usability.
Keywords:
data visualizationelectronic health recordelectronic medical recordinformation technologymedical informaticsuser computer interfaceMore Related Videos
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