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A second riboswitch class for the enzyme cofactor NAD.

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Researchers discovered a new bacterial RNA motif linked to PnuC proteins. This motif acts as a riboswitch, sensing and binding nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and its precursors.

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aptamergene controlnicotinamide adenine dinucleotidenicotinamide riboside transporternoncoding RNApnuC

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • A novel bacterial noncoding RNA motif was identified through comparative sequence analysis.
  • This motif is almost exclusively associated with pnuC genes.
  • PnuC proteins are involved in transporting nicotinamide riboside (NR), a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of the newly discovered "pnuC motif" RNA.
  • To determine if these RNAs act as aptamers for NAD+-sensing riboswitches.
  • To characterize the binding properties of the RNA motif with NAD+ and related molecules.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative sequence analysis to identify conserved RNA motifs.
  • Bioinformatic analysis to predict RNA structure and function.
  • Biochemical assays to test ligand binding of RNA constructs.

Main Results:

  • The "pnuC motif" RNAs were found to selectively bind NAD+, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), and NR.
  • Mutations in conserved nucleotides of the motif abolished ligand binding.
  • The findings suggest these RNAs function as a second class of NAD+-sensing riboswitches.

Conclusions:

  • The "pnuC motif" RNAs represent a novel class of riboswitches.
  • These riboswitches regulate gene expression in response to NAD+ levels.
  • This discovery expands our understanding of bacterial gene regulation and cofactor sensing.