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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 4, 2025

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
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Prediabetes and working memory in older adults.

Gilda E Ennis1,2, Ursula Saelzler1, Guillermo E Umpierrez3

  • 1School of Psychology, College of Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Brain and Neuroscience Advances
|October 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Prediabetes may impair working memory in older adults. Reduced pancreatic beta-cell function and higher 2-hour post-load glucose are linked to worse working memory performance in healthy seniors.

Keywords:
Prediabetesageingcognitionhyperglycaemiapancreatic β-cell function

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Cognitive decline is a significant concern in aging populations.
  • Metabolic dysregulation, including impaired glucose metabolism, is increasingly linked to cognitive function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between glucose metabolism markers and cognitive function in older adults.
  • To determine if prediabetes affects cognitive performance, specifically working memory.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-five non-diabetic older adults (age ≥65) underwent an oral glucose tolerance test and cognitive assessments.
  • Participants were categorized into normal glucose tolerance or intermediate hyperglycemia/prediabetes groups.
  • Insulin sensitivity, beta-cell function (oral disposition index), and glucose levels were analyzed as predictors of cognitive domains.

Main Results:

  • The prediabetes group exhibited significantly poorer working memory compared to the normal glucose tolerance group.
  • Decreased oral disposition index and elevated 2-hour post-load glucose were associated with impaired working memory, even after controlling for age and education.
  • Insulin sensitivity and fasting glucose did not show significant associations with cognitive performance.

Conclusions:

  • Prediabetes may negatively impact working memory in healthy older adults.
  • Reduced pancreatic beta-cell function and poorer glucose tolerance are potential contributors to age-related working memory decline.
  • Further research into beta-cell dysfunction as a factor in cognitive aging is warranted.