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Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

857
A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
857
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

2.7K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
2.7K
Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

882
Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's...
882
Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

8.1K
As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
8.1K
Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

1.0K
The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
1.0K
Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

6.2K
A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
6.2K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 4, 2025

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
06:43

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management

Published on: November 21, 2017

24.8K

Practical considerations for postarrest targeted temperature management.

Isabelle Mullen1, Benjamin S Abella1

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, The Center for Resuscitation Science, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine
|October 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Targeted temperature management (TTM) improves survival and neurologic recovery after cardiac arrest. This review examines optimal TTM protocols, including initiation timing, temperature goals, and duration, to enhance patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Hypothermiainducedpostarrest syndromeresuscitation

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has low survival rates globally (<20%).
  • While return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) has improved, many survivors face in-hospital mortality or neurologic deficits due to postcardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS).
  • PCAS involves mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and cellular injury, posing management challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current clinical research on targeted temperature management (TTM) for postcardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS).
  • To address key clinical questions regarding TTM protocols: initiation timing, optimal temperature targets, and duration.
  • To summarize recent advancements in understanding and managing PCAS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical research over the past decade.
  • Analysis of randomized controlled trials on TTM efficacy.
  • Discussion of practical aspects of TTM implementation in post-ROSC patients.

Main Results:

  • TTM is a cornerstone therapy for PCAS, improving survival and neurologic outcomes.
  • Significant clinical questions persist regarding optimal TTM protocols.
  • Recent research has expanded the knowledge base for TTM in cardiac arrest survivors.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of PCAS is critical for improving cardiac arrest survival.
  • Further research is needed to refine TTM protocols for maximum benefit and minimal harm.
  • Optimizing TTM is essential for enhancing neurologic recovery and reducing mortality in post-ROSC patients.