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Related Concept Videos

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...
Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
Yellow Fever01:18

Yellow Fever

Yellow fever is a viral hemorrhagic disease caused by the yellow fever virus (YFV), a member of the Flaviviridae family. It is transmitted primarily by Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and South America. After transmission through a mosquito bite, the virus initially replicates in skin-resident immune cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. These cells then migrate to the lymph nodes, where viral replication increases, eventually leading to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease
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Dengue: current state one year before WHO 2010-2020 goals.

K Wellekens1, A Betrains1,2, P De Munter1,2

  • 1Department of general internal medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Acta Clinica Belgica
|October 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Dengue fever, a growing global threat, lacks effective antiviral treatments and its only vaccine has shown limited success. New research explores novel vaccines and vector control to combat this mosquito-borne viral infection.

Keywords:
dengue vaccinesdengue virussevere denguesigns and symptomstherapeutics

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Dengue is a severe mosquito-borne viral illness with rapidly increasing global incidence, posing a risk to 40% of the world's population.
  • Current management relies solely on supportive care, as no specific antiviral treatments are available.
  • The first dengue vaccine, CYD-TDV, was approved in 2015 but faced challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize current knowledge on dengue epidemiology, transmission, pathogenesis, and control strategies.
  • To identify knowledge gaps crucial for achieving global dengue control targets.
  • To review advancements in dengue prevention and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • An updated systematic review of literature from 2009 to 2019.
  • Searches conducted in major databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library) and review of WHO/CDC guidelines.

Main Results:

  • 39 articles were analyzed, highlighting the impact of climate and economic factors on dengue epidemics.
  • The CYD-TDV vaccine did not meet safety and efficacy requirements.
  • Emerging strategies include new vaccine candidates, innovative vector control, and antiviral drug repurposing.

Conclusions:

  • Incomplete understanding of dengue pathogenesis and immunology has hindered vaccine development.
  • Recent research offers promising therapeutic and prophylactic avenues.
  • Integrated control strategies are essential to manage the socio-economic burden of dengue.