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Association between atopic dermatitis and autoimmune diseases: a population-based case-control study.

L U Ivert1,2, C-F Wahlgren1,2, B Lindelöf1,3

  • 1Dermatology and Venereology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-171 76, Sweden.

The British Journal of Dermatology
|October 22, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adults with atopic dermatitis (AD) have a significantly higher risk of autoimmune diseases, particularly those affecting the skin, gut, or connective tissues. The risk increases with multiple autoimmune conditions, highlighting important comorbidities.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent chronic skin condition often linked to other atopic disorders.
  • Emerging evidence suggests associations between AD and non-atopic conditions, including autoimmune diseases, though data are limited for specific diagnoses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between atopic dermatitis and various autoimmune diseases.

Main Methods:

  • A large-scale, population-based case-control study utilizing Swedish national healthcare registers.
  • Included over 100,000 individuals diagnosed with AD (inpatient or specialist outpatient) and matched them with over 1 million controls, aged 15 and above, from 1968 to 2016.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with AD showed a significantly higher prevalence of autoimmune diseases (aOR 1.97) compared to controls.
  • The association was stronger with multiple autoimmune diseases and particularly pronounced for autoimmune disorders affecting the skin (aOR 3.10), gastrointestinal tract (aOR 1.75), and connective tissues (aOR 1.50).
  • Men with AD exhibited a stronger association with rheumatoid arthritis and celiac disease than women.

Conclusions:

  • This study confirms a significant autoimmune comorbidity in adults with atopic dermatitis.
  • The findings underscore a strong link between AD and autoimmune dermatological, gastrointestinal, and rheumatological conditions.
  • The presence of multiple autoimmune diseases amplifies the association with atopic dermatitis.