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Related Concept Videos

Sensory Functions of the Skin01:16

Sensory Functions of the Skin

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The skin is the largest organ of the human body and plays a crucial role in our sensory perception. It contains a vast network of sensory receptors that contribute to the skin's protective function by perceiving physical, biological, and environmental cues and generating relevant responses.
There are two main categories of receptors on the skin: capsulated and non-capsulated. The non-capsulated ones are mainly the pain receptors. The capsulated ones can be further categorized based on the...
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Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways01:29

Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways

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Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...
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Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

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Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
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Tactile and Chemical Senses01:27

Tactile and Chemical Senses

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Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex.
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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair and Hair Follicles01:16

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair and Hair Follicles

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Hair and hair follicles are integral components of the integumentary system. Hair is a filamentous structure composed mainly of a protein called keratin. It is found on the surface of the skin throughout the body, except for areas such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
Hair is a keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis. It is primarily made of dead, keratinized cells. Hair strands originate at the epidermal penetration called the hair follicle. The hair shaft is the part...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 4, 2025

Flat Mount Imaging of Mouse Skin and Its Application to the Analysis of Hair Follicle Patterning and Sensory Axon Morphology
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Flat Mount Imaging of Mouse Skin and Its Application to the Analysis of Hair Follicle Patterning and Sensory Axon Morphology

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Visualizing the Itch-Sensing Skin Arbors.

Yanyan Xing1, Haley R Steele1, Henry B Hilley1

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
|October 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers mapped itch-sensing neurons in mice, revealing their unique branching structures in the skin. This study provides new insights into how itch signals are transmitted.

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Flat Mount Imaging of Mouse Skin and Its Application to the Analysis of Hair Follicle Patterning and Sensory Axon Morphology
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Cheek Injection Model for Simultaneous Measurement of Pain and Itch-related Behaviors
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Visualization of Motor Axon Navigation and Quantification of Axon Arborization In Mouse Embryos Using Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy
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Visualization of Motor Axon Navigation and Quantification of Axon Arborization In Mouse Embryos Using Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Dermatology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Sensory neurons have diverse morphologies crucial for their functions.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of itch is clinically significant.
  • The specific terminal arborization patterns of itch-sensing neurons remain uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the morphological characteristics of itch-sensing neurons.
  • To investigate the axonal branching and receptive fields of these neurons.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an MrgprC11CreERT2 transgenic mouse line for sparse genetic labeling.
  • Employed whole-mount placental alkaline phosphatase histochemistry to visualize neuronal structures.
  • Identified itch-sensing neurons expressing multiple itch-related molecules (e.g., MrgprA3, MrgprC11, histamine receptor H1).

Main Results:

  • Itch-sensing neurons in the skin exhibit free endings with extensive axonal branching.
  • These neurons are located in the superficial epidermis.
  • The identified neurons possess large receptive fields, indicating broad sensory coverage.

Conclusions:

  • Itch-sensing neurons possess unique morphological features, including extensive branching and large receptive fields.
  • These findings offer novel insights into the fundamental mechanisms of itch transmission.
  • The study highlights the importance of neuronal morphology in sensory perception.