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Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 with cardiac injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Linwen Zeng1, Shihui Wang1, Jianing Cai1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.

Epidemiology and Infection
|October 23, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Older age, male gender, and comorbidities increase the risk of cardiac injury in COVID-19 patients. These patients face higher complication rates and mortality, highlighting the need for early cardiac injury prevention in COVID-19 care.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cardiac injury is a significant predictor of poor prognosis in patients with 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
  • Limited research has comprehensively investigated the specific risk factors contributing to cardiac injury in COVID-19 patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically analyze the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients.
  • To identify potential risk factors associated with cardiac injury in COVID-19 virus infection.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases including Pubmed, Embase, Europe PMC, and CNKI.
  • Statistical analyses were performed using STATA 16.0 on data from 5726 confirmed cases across 17 studies.

Main Results:

  • Patients with cardiac injury were older, predominantly male, and had higher rates of comorbidities, clinical complications, mechanical ventilation, ICU transfer, and mortality compared to those without.
  • Elevated levels of C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, D-dimer, NT-proBNP, and creatinine were observed in patients with cardiac injury, alongside decreased lymphocyte and platelet counts.
  • Notably, cardiac injury in COVID-19 did not correlate with increased chest distress, chest pain, palpitations, smoking, or arrhythmias.

Conclusions:

  • Age, male gender, and comorbidities are identified as key risk factors for cardiac injury in COVID-19.
  • Cardiac injury in COVID-19 patients is linked to severe complications, abnormal laboratory findings, and adverse outcomes.
  • Unlike typical cardiac conditions, COVID-19-related cardiac injury does not significantly manifest with symptoms like chest pain or arrhythmias, underscoring the need for proactive prevention strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19Cardiac injurycoronavirusmeta analysis

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