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Left ventricular hypertrophy in chronic kidney disease: A diagnostic criteria comparison

Emilio Nardi1, Giuseppe Mulè1, Antonina Giammanco1

  • 1Dipartimento di Promozione Della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Italy.

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases : NMCD
|October 23, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, increasing cardiovascular risk. This study found LVH and impaired diastolic function are prevalent in CKD patients, particularly in advanced stages.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk.
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common complication in CKD patients.
  • Understanding LVH prevalence and geometry in CKD is crucial for risk stratification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of LVH and left ventricular geometry in hypertensive patients with stage 2-5 CKD.
  • To compare LVH and geometry in CKD patients versus essential hypertensive patients with normal renal function.
  • To investigate the impact of CKD on diastolic function.

Main Methods:

  • Echocardiographic examination of 293 hypertensive patients with stage 2-5 CKD and 289 essential hypertensive patients.
  • Exclusion of patients with stage 1 CKD, dialysis, or pre-existing cardiovascular diseases.
  • Statistical analysis including multiple regression to assess the association between renal function and LVH.

Main Results:

  • LVH was significantly more prevalent in CKD patients (62.8%) compared to essential hypertensives (51.9%).
  • Advanced CKD stages showed increased left ventricular dimensions, thickness, and mass.
  • Diastolic function was notably worse in CKD patients, especially in later stages.

Conclusions:

  • LVH is highly prevalent in CKD patients, often presenting with increased wall thickness and diameter.
  • CKD-associated LVH negatively impacts diastolic function.
  • Early detection and management of LVH in CKD are essential to mitigate cardiovascular risk.
Abstract

Keywords:
CKDEchocardiographyHypertensionLetf ventricular hypertrophyVentricular geometry

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