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Leprosy in Nepal: a re-emerging threat
Frank Houghton1, Michael Winterburn2
1HEALR Research Group, Limerick Institute of Technology, Limerick, Ireland. Frank.Houghton@LIT.ie.
Journal of Public Health Policy
|October 23, 2020
Summary
Leprosy, once thought eliminated in Nepal in 2010, is now increasing. A national active case-finding program is urgently needed to address this resurgence of the disease.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Nepal has historically been recognized as a country with endemic leprosy.
- The World Health Organization's (WHO) guidelines were applied in Nepal in 2010.
- This application led to a declaration of leprosy 'elimination' in the country.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the impact of the 2010 leprosy elimination declaration in Nepal.
- To highlight the current rise in leprosy cases.
- To advocate for the implementation of a national active case-finding program.
Main Methods:
- Review of historical leprosy data in Nepal.
- Analysis of the implications of the WHO's 2010 elimination criteria.
- Assessment of current leprosy trends and their contributing factors.
Main Results:
- The 2010 determination of leprosy elimination in Nepal was a misnomer.
- Leprosy prevalence has been increasing in Nepal.
- The 'elimination' status has masked the ongoing transmission and rise of the disease.
Conclusions:
- The declaration of leprosy elimination in Nepal was premature and inaccurate.
- There is an urgent need for a comprehensive national active case-finding program.
- Such a program is crucial to effectively control and reduce the increasing burden of leprosy in Nepal.
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