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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
982
Psychosurgery01:30

Psychosurgery

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Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
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Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
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Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 4, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization
09:57

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization

Published on: September 20, 2024

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[Redo surgery in children with epilepsy].

V A Khachatryan1, M R Mamatkhanov1, S N Larionov1

  • 1Almazov National Medical Research Center, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Zhurnal Voprosy Neirokhirurgii Imeni N. N. Burdenko
|October 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Redo surgery for recurrent epileptic seizures in children is effective, with over 41% achieving seizure freedom. This approach is recommended when initial epilepsy surgery proves ineffective.

Keywords:
epilepsy surgeryrecurrent epilepsyredo surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Drug-resistant epilepsy in children often necessitates surgical intervention.
  • Recurrent seizures after initial surgery indicate the need to evaluate redo procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the reasons for ineffective primary epilepsy surgeries.
  • To evaluate the outcomes of redo surgery in pediatric patients with recurrent seizures.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 41 children undergoing redo epilepsy surgery.
  • Review of surgical histories, including temporal resection, extratemporal resection, multifocal resection, callosotomy, and stereotactic destruction.
  • Assessment of outcomes using the Engel scale.

Main Results:

  • Incomplete resection (56.1%) and inaccurate focus identification (36.6%) were primary causes of failure.
  • Redo surgery typically involved extended resection (82.9%).
  • Engel I outcome was achieved in 41.1% of patients at 3 years, decreasing to 36.4% at 10 years.

Conclusions:

  • Redo surgery is an effective and minimally invasive option for children with recurrent epilepsy post-surgery.
  • Patients with persistent seizures after initial interventions should be considered for repeat operations.