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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Analysis of Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Vascular Calcification Using In Vitro and In Vivo Models
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Omics research in vascular calcification.

Meng Duan1, Wen-Li Zhao2, Le Zhou2

  • 1Research Lab of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, China.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|October 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Vascular calcification, a mineral buildup in blood vessels, lacks effective treatments. Omics technologies offer new ways to understand and potentially treat this condition.

Keywords:
EpigenomicsGenomicsOmicsTranscriptomicsVascular calcificationVascular smooth muscle cells

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pathology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Vascular calcification (VC) involves hydroxyapatite deposition in blood vessels, linked to aging, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and diabetes mellitus (DM).
  • VC mechanisms include cellular changes, extracellular vesicles, calcium-phosphate imbalance, and dysregulation of inducers/inhibitors.
  • Current treatments for VC are limited, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of omics technologies in understanding vascular calcification mechanisms.
  • To explore the potential of omics approaches for identifying new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for VC.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of articles published over the last twenty years.
  • Focus on omics technologies: genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics.

Main Results:

  • Omics technologies provide powerful tools for elucidating complex biochemical processes in VC.
  • These technologies can identify novel biomarkers for characterizing VC pathology.
  • Omics data can guide the development of targeted therapeutic interventions for VC.

Conclusions:

  • Omics technologies hold significant promise for advancing our understanding of vascular calcification.
  • Future research utilizing omics approaches may lead to effective preventive and therapeutic strategies for VC.