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Rhinovirus Infection in Children with Acute Bronchiolitis and Its Impact on Recurrent Wheezing and Asthma Development

Carlotta Biagi1, Alessandro Rocca1, Giulia Poletti1

  • 1Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Pediatric Emergency Unit, St Orsola Polyclinic, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.

Microorganisms
|October 24, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Rhinovirus (RV) is a common cause of infant bronchiolitis, potentially leading to asthma. This review examines RV

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Respiratory viral infections
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Acute bronchiolitis is a primary cause of infant hospitalization.
  • Rhinovirus (RV) is a frequent pathogen in bronchiolitis, with over 150 types.
  • The impact of RV infection and co-infections on bronchiolitis severity is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current findings on RV's role in pediatric acute bronchiolitis.
  • To assess RV's impact on the development of childhood asthma.
  • To discuss clinical practice implications of RV bronchiolitis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on RV and bronchiolitis.
  • Analysis of research on viral co-infections and clinical outcomes.
  • Examination of studies linking RV bronchiolitis to long-term respiratory sequelae.

Main Results:

  • Rhinovirus (RV) is a significant pathogen in infant bronchiolitis.
  • Contradictory findings exist regarding RV's impact on clinical severity and complications.
  • Evidence suggests RV bronchiolitis may predispose children to asthma and recurrent wheezing.

Conclusions:

  • Rhinovirus plays a key role in acute bronchiolitis and may influence long-term respiratory health.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the relationship between RV infection and asthma development.
  • Clinical management strategies should consider the potential long-term effects of RV bronchiolitis.

Keywords:
asthmabronchiolitischildrenclinical severityrhinoviruswheezing

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