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Correlation of Pre-Hypertension with Carotid Artery Damage in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

Jinkee Park1, Yongseong Na2, Yunjung Jang2

  • 1Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Dong-Ju College, Busan 49318, Korea.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|October 24, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Pre-hypertension (PHT) is linked to increased carotid artery damage (CAD). This study found significant differences in carotid artery characteristics in adults with PHT compared to normotensive individuals, indicating a strong correlation.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Carotid artery (CA) characteristics such as intima-media thickness (IMT), luminal diameters (LDs), and flow velocities (FVs) are established risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
  • Pre-hypertension (PHT) is also recognized as an independent risk factor for CVDs.
  • The relationship between PHT and CA damage (CAD) requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between carotid artery damage (CAD) and pre-hypertension (PHT) in adults.
  • To compare carotid artery characteristics between individuals with PHT and normotensive individuals.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 544 adults measuring blood pressures (BPs) and carotid artery (CA) characteristics using ultrasound.
  • Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to compare CA characteristics between BP groups.
  • Multinomial logistic regression to assess the risk of CAD associated with PHT.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in CA characteristics were observed between PHT and normotensive groups.
  • Individuals with PHT showed significantly higher odds ratios for various CA parameters, including IMTmax, LDmax, LDmin, peak-systolic FV (PFV), end-diastolic FV (EFV), PFV/LDmin, EFV/LDmax, compliance, and β-stiffness compared to normotensive individuals (Model 2).
  • After adjusting for age (Model 3), PHT remained associated with increased odds of altered LDmax, LDmin, EFV, PFV/LDmin, and EFV/LDmax.

Conclusions:

  • Carotid artery damage (CAD) is closely correlated with pre-hypertensive status in adults.
  • PHT is associated with detrimental changes in carotid artery structure and function.
  • These findings highlight the importance of monitoring CA health in individuals with PHT to mitigate cardiovascular disease risk.

Keywords:
carotid artery damagecarotid artery structurecompliance and stiffnessflow velocitymiddle-aged and older adultspre-hypertension

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