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Seroprevalence of Jamestown Canyon virus in the Japanese general population

Hirofumi Kato1, Masaaki Satoh1, Madoka Kawahara1

  • 1Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan.

BMC Infectious Diseases
|October 24, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) is a mosquito-borne illness not significantly circulating in Japan, according to a new seroprevalence study. This research is the first to assess JCV antibodies in the Japanese population.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) is a mosquito-borne orthobunyavirus causing serious neurological conditions.
  • JCV is prevalent in North America, with increasing U.S. cases indicating a potential re-emerging threat.
  • The seroprevalence of JCV in Japan remains uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the seroprevalence of Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) in the Japanese population.
  • To establish a baseline for JCV circulation in Japan.
  • To inform public health strategies regarding mosquito-borne diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IgG-ELISA) and neutralizing (NT) antibody assays.
  • Determined IgG-ELISA cut-off values using sera from 37 healthy Japanese donors.
  • Validated IgG-ELISA sensitivity and specificity against an in-house NT assay using 38 serum samples.
  • Analyzed 246 Japanese serum samples from the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID) serum bank.

Main Results:

  • The IgG-ELISA demonstrated high sensitivity (96%) and specificity (100%).
  • Analysis of 246 Japanese serum samples revealed no specimens above the IgG-ELISA cut-off value.
  • No samples tested positive via the NT antibody assay, indicating no significant JCV circulation.

Conclusions:

  • Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) does not appear to be significantly circulating in Japan.
  • This study provides the first evidence of JCV seroprevalence in the general Japanese population.
  • Findings suggest JCV is not a current public health concern in Japan.
Keywords:
California serogroupEncephalitisJamestown canyon virusJapanOrthobunyavirusSeroepidemiologySnowshoe hare virus

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