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Metabolic syndrome and peripheral neuropathy
Mohamed Kazamel1, Amro Maher Stino2, Albert Gordon Smith3
1Division of Neuromuscular Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of sensory peripheral neuropathy, particularly affecting small nerve fibers. Lifestyle changes like exercise show promise for managing MetS-related neuropathy.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Pathogenesis
Background:
- Diabetic peripheral neuropathy and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are significant global health concerns.
- MetS is increasingly linked to cryptogenic sensory peripheral neuropathy (CSPN), affecting nerve fibers.
- MetS components like obesity and dyslipidemia contribute to neuropathy risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the association between MetS and CSPN.
- To explore the role of inflammation and dyslipidemia in MetS neuropathy.
- To discuss potential therapeutic strategies for MetS neuropathy.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical observations, epidemiological data, and animal models.
- Analysis of studies investigating MetS components and neuropathy.
- Examination of research on inflammation and dyslipidemia in MetS neuropathy.
Main Results:
- MetS is associated with an elevated risk of CSPN.
- Neuropathy in MetS often begins with small unmyelinated axon involvement.
- MetS exacerbates neuropathy risk in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Conclusions:
- MetS significantly contributes to the development and progression of peripheral neuropathy.
- Inflammation and dyslipidemia are key factors in MetS neuropathy pathogenesis.
- Exercise-based lifestyle modifications represent a promising treatment avenue.
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