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During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
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Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
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Translating bioactive peptides for COVID-19 therapy.

Khushwant S Bhullar1, Steven J Drews2, Jianping Wu3

  • 1Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2P5, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2P5, Canada.

European Journal of Pharmacology
|October 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Bioactive peptides show promise for combating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. These molecules target key viral mechanisms, offering a potential new therapeutic avenue against COVID-19.

Keywords:
ACE2Angiotensin IICOVID-19FurinPeptidesSARS-CoV-2

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Biochemistry
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, poses a significant global health and economic threat.
  • There is an urgent need for novel therapeutic agents to combat the ongoing pandemic.
  • Understanding SARS-CoV-2 molecular biology reveals potential targets for antiviral interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances in research and potential applications of bioactive peptides against SARS-CoV-2.
  • To explore the role of bioactive peptides in mitigating viral infection.
  • To identify druggable targets for peptide-based therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on bioactive peptides and SARS-CoV-2.
  • Analysis of molecular targets, including TMPRSS2, furin cleavage, and RAAS.
  • Structure-function analysis of potential peptide candidates.

Main Results:

  • Bioactive peptides can target critical SARS-CoV-2 mechanisms like TMPRSS2 inhibition and furin cleavage.
  • Peptides targeting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) are also discussed.
  • Multiple bioactive peptides demonstrate potential in vitro and in silico to neutralize the virus.

Conclusions:

  • Bioactive peptides represent a promising class of molecules for developing novel COVID-19 therapeutics.
  • Targeting specific viral and host factors with peptides offers a viable strategy.
  • Further research and development are warranted to translate peptide potential into clinical applications against SARS-CoV-2 infection.