Sweet's syndrome associated with hematological malignancies.

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Hematology
• Oncology

Background:

• Sweet's syndrome, or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, presents with symptoms mimicking skin infections.
• It is a rare dermatologic condition frequently associated with underlying hematologic malignancies.

Observation:

• This case series reviewed four patients diagnosed with Sweet's syndrome and hematologic malignancies between 2017 and 2020.
• Patients presented with varying symptoms, including misdiagnosed neutropenic fever, incidental skin lesions, and pathergy at medical device sites.
• Two patients received glucocorticoid treatment, while others initiated chemotherapy without immediate complications.

Findings:

• The study highlights the diverse clinical presentations of Sweet's syndrome in patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML).
• Prompt diagnosis and management of Sweet's syndrome are essential for successful integration with anti-cancer treatments.

Implications:

• Early identification of malignancy-associated Sweet's syndrome is critical to reduce patient morbidity.
• Timely intervention allows for the expeditious initiation or continuation of necessary anti-cancer therapies.