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Venous Thromboembolism in COVID-19
Sam Schulman1,2, Yu Hu3, Stavros Konstantinides4,5
1Department of Medicine, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Thrombosis and Haemostasis
|October 25, 2020
Summary
COVID-19 significantly increases venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk due to thromboinflammation. This review examines VTE pathogenesis, biomarkers, risk assessment, and prophylaxis strategies for COVID-19 patients.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Infectious Diseases
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- COVID-19, a global pandemic, presents unique thromboembolic complications.
- Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant concern in COVID-19 patients.
- Thromboinflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of COVID-19-associated VTE.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review mechanisms of COVID-19 pathogenesis related to VTE.
- To discuss hematological biomarkers for VTE risk assessment in COVID-19.
- To evaluate prophylaxis and treatment strategies for VTE in COVID-19.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of COVID-19 and VTE.
- Analysis of thromboinflammation mechanisms.
- Comparison of 10 different guidance statements on VTE management.
- Appraisal of risk assessment models and chemoprophylaxis.
Main Results:
- COVID-19 exhibits a propensity for VTE, driven by thromboinflammation.
- Hematological biomarkers may aid in VTE risk stratification.
- Evidence supports specific prophylaxis and treatment protocols for COVID-19 VTE.
Conclusions:
- Understanding VTE pathogenesis in COVID-19 is crucial for effective management.
- Risk assessment and tailored prophylaxis are essential.
- Current guidelines offer a framework for treating COVID-19-associated pulmonary embolism, with potential for thrombolytic therapy.
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