Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy01:20

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy

6.4K
To be visualized by an electron microscope, either transmission or scanning, biological samples need to be fixed (stabilized) so the electron beam does not destroy them and dried thoroughly (desiccated/dehydrated) so the vacuum does not affect them. Fixation needs to be done as quickly as possible because the sample properties will start changing as soon as it is removed from its natural environment. For example, in a tissue sample, the oxygen levels begin decreasing, causing an altered...
6.4K
Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

4.0K
Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
4.0K
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

2.7K
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...
2.7K
Scanning Electron Microscopy01:07

Scanning Electron Microscopy

4.9K
A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
Fundamental Principles
Accelerated...
4.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Decellularized Extracellular Matrix-Based Tunable 3D Hydrogel: An Alternative Methodology for the Development of a Doxorubicin-Independent 3D Breast Cancer Microphysiological Chemoresistance Model.

ACS applied bio materials·2026
Same author

Elman and feedforward neural network based models for predicting mechanical properties of flow formed AA6082 tubes.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Classification of short-term flood events using stochastic variable selection and Gaussian Naïve Bayes classifier: A case study of Sirajganj district, Bangladesh.

Heliyon·2025
Same author

Assessment of climate change induced rainfall trend and variability with non-parametric and linear approach for Sirajganj district, Bangladesh.

Heliyon·2024
Same author

Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury: A Survey of Perceptions and Management Strategies Amongst Pediatricians and Neonatologists.

Frontiers in pediatrics·2020
Same author

Fusion transcripts in normal human cortex increase with age and show distinct genomic features for single cells and tissues.

Scientific reports·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 4, 2025

Sample Preparation and Experimental Design for In Situ Multi-Beam Transmission Electron Microscopy Irradiation Experiments
08:31

Sample Preparation and Experimental Design for In Situ Multi-Beam Transmission Electron Microscopy Irradiation Experiments

Published on: June 27, 2022

2.1K

Study of diffusionless and diffusional transformations using in situ cooling and heating techniques in a scanning

Deepak Kumar1, Rajdeep Sarkar1, Vajinder Singh1

  • 1Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory, Hyderabad 500 058, India.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|October 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In situ electron microscopy visualized real-time microstructural changes in steels and copper oxidation. This technique offers insights into diffusionless and diffusional phase transformations under applied constraints.

Keywords:
diffusionaldiffusionlessin situ coolingin situ heatingscanning electron microscopetransformation

More Related Videos

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

8.8K
Studying Dynamic Processes of Nano-sized Objects in Liquid using Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy
10:29

Studying Dynamic Processes of Nano-sized Objects in Liquid using Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: February 5, 2017

13.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 4, 2025

Sample Preparation and Experimental Design for In Situ Multi-Beam Transmission Electron Microscopy Irradiation Experiments
08:31

Sample Preparation and Experimental Design for In Situ Multi-Beam Transmission Electron Microscopy Irradiation Experiments

Published on: June 27, 2022

2.1K
Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

8.8K
Studying Dynamic Processes of Nano-sized Objects in Liquid using Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy
10:29

Studying Dynamic Processes of Nano-sized Objects in Liquid using Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: February 5, 2017

13.0K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electron Microscopy
  • Phase Transformations

Background:

  • In situ electron microscopy allows real-time visualization of microstructural changes.
  • Understanding phase transformations is crucial for materials development.
  • Existing theories can be further validated by observing dynamic processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate diffusionless and diffusional phase transformation mechanisms using in situ microscopy.
  • To study the austenite to martensite transformation in ultra-high-strength steels.
  • To analyze the oxidation process of pure copper at elevated temperatures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized in situ cooling and heating techniques within a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
  • Performed in situ cooling experiments on steels down to -194°C.
  • Conducted in situ heating experiments on copper up to 950°C.
  • Employed orientation imaging microscopy and Raman spectroscopy for analysis.

Main Results:

  • Observed nucleation and growth of martensites during steel cooling.
  • Detailed the formation of different martensite variants.
  • Studied nucleation and growth of copper oxides during heating.
  • Characterized changes in copper and its oxides under thermal cycling.

Conclusions:

  • In situ SEM is effective for studying dynamic phase transformations.
  • Real-time observation provides insights into martensitic and diffusional processes.
  • Thermal cycling significantly affects the nature of materials and their oxides.