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Determining the normal effective diameter of thoracic aorta in pediatric population of India

Sunita V Kale1, Shah Alam1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Seth G.S. Medical College and K.E.M Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging
|October 26, 2020
PubMed

Insights

This study establishes normal thoracic aorta diameters for Indian children using CT scans, providing crucial reference ranges for diagnosing aortic conditions. These findings aid in identifying pathologies like aneurysms and stenosis in pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Cardiovascular Imaging
  • Thoracic Aorta Anatomy

Background:

  • Establishing normative aortic diameter ranges is critical for diagnosing aortic pathologies.
  • Limited studies exist on normal aortic diameters from cross-sectional imaging, especially in the Indian pediatric population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish normal effective diameters of the thoracic aorta at multiple levels in Indian children.
  • To calculate z-scores and plot reference curves for the pediatric Indian population.
  • To provide normative data for diagnosing aortic diseases in children.

Main Methods:

  • Measured effective thoracic aorta diameters at predefined levels (aortic root, ascending aorta, aortic arch, etc.) using computed tomography (CT).
  • Utilized double-oblique reconstructed CT images perpendicular to the vessel's direction.
  • Employed least square regression and R-squared analysis to identify the best age-based functional form for diameter prediction.

Main Results:

  • Analyzed 207 contrast-enhanced CT thorax studies of children without known cardiovascular disease.
  • Identified a polynomial regression model (including linear, quadratic, and cubic age terms) as the best statistical fit.
  • Successfully calculated z-scores and plotted normative reference curves for thoracic aorta diameters.

Conclusions:

  • Normative effective diameters of the thoracic aorta at multiple levels have been established for Indian children across various age groups.
  • Deviations from these established normal ranges serve as indicators for conditions such as ectasia, aneurysm, hypoplasia, or stenosis.
Abstract

Keywords:
Effective aortic diameterIndian pediatric populationthoracic aorta

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