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Updated: Dec 4, 2025

The Dyspepsia Educational Tool As a Novel Aid in Dyspepsia Management
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Quantifying Liver-Stomach Disharmony Pattern of Functional Dyspepsia Using Multidimensional Analysis Methods.

Zhongyu Huang1,2,3, Zipan Lyu2, Zhengkun Hou2

  • 1Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : Ecam
|October 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary

A new quantitative model was developed to measure the severity of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) patterns for functional dyspepsia (FD). This validated instrument aids in understanding complex TCM patterns in clinical practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Integrative medicine
  • Quantitative psychology
  • Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)

Background:

  • Functional dyspepsia (FD) presents complex patterns in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).
  • Accurate quantification of TCM patterns is crucial for effective clinical application.
  • Existing methods may not fully capture the multidimensional nature of TCM patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a quantitative model for measuring the severity of a TCM pattern in functional dyspepsia (FD).
  • To utilize multidimensional analysis, including confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multidimensional item response theory (MIRT), for pattern quantification.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed a scale and theoretical models based on the "liver-stomach disharmony" pattern of FD.
  • Validated the theoretical model using CFA with data from 502 patients.
  • Employed MIRT to estimate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the scale for pattern quantification.

Main Results:

  • Developed a 12-item scale identifying three latent traits of the TCM pattern.
  • The theoretical model demonstrated adequate consistency with clinical data (RMSEA < 0.05, CFI = 0.94).
  • The instrument showed adequate factor loading and precision for assessing moderate pattern severity.

Conclusions:

  • An interpretable instrument for TCM pattern quantification in clinical practice was successfully developed.
  • The multidimensional model provides a valuable reference for interpreting complex diseases like FD and TCM patterns.
  • This approach integrates psychological and physical effects for a comprehensive understanding of TCM patterns.