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Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data

Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data

Analysis of population pharmacokinetic data involves studying the behavior of drugs within diverse populations to understand their pharmacokinetic parameters. Traditional pharmacokinetic methods typically involve collecting samples from a few individuals and estimating these parameters. While these methods are commonly used, they have limitations in capturing the variability in drug response among individuals or heterogeneous populations. Population pharmacokinetics is employed to address these...

Pharmacovigilance

Pharmacovigilance

Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...

Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters

Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters

It is not uncommon for complete drug pharmacokinetic profiles to remain elusive in pharmacokinetics. This necessitates certain educated assumptions by pharmacokineticists to determine appropriate dosage regimens without comprehensive pharmacokinetic data from animal or human studies. One prevalent assumption is setting the bioavailability factor, denoted as F, to 1 or 100%. This assumption caters to the scenario where a drug doesn't achieve full systemic absorption, resulting in the patient...

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...

Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients

Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients

Bioavailability studies are essential for evaluating a drug's therapeutic efficacy and understanding its absorption patterns under various physiological conditions. Conducting such studies on target patient populations provides more relevant data by simulating real-world disease states. However, practical challenges often necessitate the use of young, healthy adult volunteers as study subjects.Patients may exhibit altered drug absorption patterns due to the effects of the disease itself,...

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E-Patient Counseling Trial E-PACO: Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy

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A Population-Based Study on Patients Complaining Regarding Community Pharmacies Services.

Marziyeh Zare¹, Saba Afifi¹, Iman Karimzadeh²

¹Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Journal of Research in Pharmacy Practice

|October 26, 2020

Summary

Patient complaints about pharmacy services are common, with 35.6% of Iranians reporting issues, particularly with governmental pharmacies. Improving the complaint process is crucial for enhancing pharmaceutical service quality.

Keywords:

Community pharmacy complaint patient pharmaceutical service population-based study

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Area of Science:

Pharmacy Practice
Health Services Research
Patient Experience

Background:

Patient complaints regarding pharmaceutical services significantly impact service utilization.
Understanding patient experiences with pharmacy complaints is essential for quality improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate patient experiences with filing complaints against pharmacy sectors in Iran.
To identify factors associated with patient complaints and satisfaction with the complaint process.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shiraz, Iran (2017-2018) with 1035 participants.
Data were collected using a two-part questionnaire assessing demographics and complaint experiences.
Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.

Main Results:

35.6% of participants reported complaints about pharmacies, with 55% directed at governmental pharmacies.
Homemakers and individuals receiving prescription medication were more likely to complain.
Females aged 40-60 and unemployed individuals reported higher satisfaction with complaint follow-up.

Conclusions:

A low level of satisfaction with the pharmacy complaint process was observed.
Strategies are needed to enhance the quality of pharmaceutical services and the complaint resolution process.