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Neurulation01:30

Neurulation

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Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
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A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 4, 2025

Double In Utero Electroporation to Target Temporally and Spatially Separated Cell Populations
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How Do Electric Fields Coordinate Neuronal Migration and Maturation in the Developing Cortex?

Vera P Medvedeva1,2, Alessandra Pierani1,2

  • 1Imagine Institute of Genetic Diseases, Université de Paris, Paris, France.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|October 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing cortical neurons migrate through complex environments, adapting their behavior and morphology. This review explores how neuronal electrical properties interact with their microenvironment during migration.

Keywords:
cerebral cortexdendritogenesisdevelopmentelectric fieldneuronal migration

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cellular migration is crucial for forming the mature cerebral cortex.
  • Developing neurons navigate diverse microenvironments, including varying cell densities and electrical activity.
  • The microenvironment influences neuronal migration, morphology, and electrical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the interconnectedness of morphology and electrical activity in migrating cortical neurons.
  • To examine how intrinsic electrical properties affect neuronal responses to the microenvironment.
  • To investigate how environmental electrical properties influence neuronal morphology and activity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on neuronal migration in the developing cerebral cortex.
  • Analysis of research on the interplay between cellular electrical properties and microenvironmental factors.
  • Synthesis of findings on how modifications in electrical or morphological parameters impact neuronal migration.

Main Results:

  • Neuronal migration is sensitive to microenvironmental cues, including electrical activity.
  • Changes in intrinsic electrical properties can alter how migrating neurons respond to their surroundings.
  • The electrical properties of the microenvironment can, in turn, modify neuronal morphology and electrical activity.

Conclusions:

  • Morphology and electrical activity are intrinsically linked during cortical neuron migration.
  • Bidirectional interactions between migrating neurons and their microenvironment are critical for proper development.
  • Understanding these interactions is key to deciphering mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders.