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Related Concept Videos

Social Identity01:29

Social Identity

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Social identity constitutes a significant aspect of an individual’s self-concept, shaped by membership in various social groups, including gender, nationality, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and political affiliation. Individuals associate specific traits with particular social groups, leading to internalization of these traits. For example, musicians are often perceived as creative, while women are frequently associated with nurturing tendencies. Once individuals identify with a...
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Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

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Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
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Social Foundations of Self I: Play and Game01:24

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The development of self in children is deeply rooted in social interactions, mainly through stages of play and structured games. These stages, outlined by sociologist George Herbert Mead, illustrate how children progressively learn to understand and adopt social roles, forming a cohesive sense of self.The Play Stage: Imitation and Simple Role-TakingIn the early years of childhood, the play stage is characterized by imitative behavior, where children engage in role-playing based on familiar...
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Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other01:20

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According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group...
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Cognition and Behavior01:23

Cognition and Behavior

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Social psychology examines the complex interplay between individual mental processes and social interactions. Historically, the field was divided into two domains: social behavior and social cognition. Researchers focusing on social behavior analyzed actions within social contexts, such as conformity, aggression, or cooperation. Meanwhile, social cognition researchers investigated how people perceive, interpret, and mentally represent their social environments. However, modern perspectives no...
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How Data are Classified: Categorical Data01:11

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A variable, usually notated by capital letters such as X and Y, is a characteristic or measurement that can be determined for each member of a population. Data are the actual values of variables. They may be numbers, or they may be words. Datum is a single value.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 3, 2025

Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization
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The Development of Social Categorization.

Marjorie Rhodes1, Andrew Baron2

  • 1Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.

Annual Review of Developmental Psychology
|October 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Social categorization helps children understand their world but can lead to prejudice. This review explores the developmental processes behind this crucial psychological capacity.

Keywords:
categorizationconceptual developmentintergroup cognitionsocial categorizationsocial cognitive development

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Social categorization is a fundamental cognitive process for navigating the social world.
  • This mechanism emerges early in life and evolves throughout childhood.
  • Understanding social categorization is key to cognitive, social, and developmental sciences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the developmental processes underlying social categorization.
  • To explore how children learn culturally meaningful categories and their implications.
  • To examine the link between social categorization, identity, and potential negative outcomes like prejudice.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing research.
  • It details multiple developmental processes involved in social categorization.
  • The review draws on theories from perceptual, conceptual, and social systems.

Main Results:

  • Social categorization aids in simplifying the social environment for children.
  • Development involves learning category meanings, predictive uses, and self-identity connections.
  • Detrimental consequences include stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination.

Conclusions:

  • Social categorization is a complex, developing capacity with significant implications.
  • Understanding its development is crucial for addressing social biases.
  • Further research into these developmental processes is warranted.