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Different physiotherapy protocols after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A randomized controlled trial
Breno Caldas Ribeiro1, Jadson José Guimarães da Poça1, Amanda Martins Cavalcante Rocha1
1Biological and Health Sciences Center, Para State University, Belem, Brazil.
Summary
Virtual reality physiotherapy significantly reduced hospital stay for coronary artery bypass graft patients. Early mobilization and virtual reality improved heart rate variability and autonomic function compared to standard care.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Physiotherapy
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery can impact patient recovery and hospital length of stay.
- Heart rate variability (HRV) is a key indicator of cardiac autonomic function, often affected post-CABG.
- Optimizing physiotherapy protocols is crucial for improving outcomes in CABG patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of different physiotherapy interventions on HRV and hospital length of stay in older adults post-CABG.
- To compare the effectiveness of early mobilization and virtual reality-based physiotherapy against standard care.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial involving 48 patients undergoing CABG.
- Three groups were compared: control (respiratory physiotherapy), early mobilization (ambulation, ergometer), and virtual reality (EMG + Nintendo Wii games).
- HRV and hospital discharge time were analyzed preoperatively and on the fourth postoperative day.
Main Results:
- The virtual reality group experienced a significantly shorter hospital length of stay (p = 0.03).
- The control group showed a significant decline in HRV parameters, indicating reduced autonomic modulation.
- Both early mobilization and virtual reality groups demonstrated enhanced cardiac autonomic modulation and parasympathetic activity compared to the control group.
Conclusions:
- Physiotherapy protocols significantly influence autonomic heart rate modulation and hospital length of stay in CABG patients.
- Virtual reality-enhanced physiotherapy offers a promising approach for accelerating recovery and improving cardiac function post-CABG.
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