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Suicide in children: Concept analysis using Rodgers's evolutionary approach.

Michèle Desmarais1, Marjorie Montreuil1,2,3

  • 1Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing : Official Publication of the Association of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nurses, Inc
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Understanding suicide in children and adolescents is crucial for effective prevention. This study clarifies the concept, highlighting developmental factors and the growing recognition of young people

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Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Mental Health Research
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • The definition of suicide in children and adolescents lacks consistency across disciplines and contexts.
  • Varied conceptualizations of child and adolescent suicide impact prevention strategies and care delivery.
  • Understanding these definitions is critical for mental health settings and community-based interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the antecedents, attributes, and consequences of suicide in children using an evolutionary concept analysis.
  • To analyze temporal trends and geographic locations related to the concept of suicide in children.
  • To provide a clearer conceptual definition of suicide in children and adolescents.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted using CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Medline databases.
  • Google Scholar was utilized as a supplementary search tool.
  • Rodgers's evolutionary method and thematic analysis were applied to 106 selected articles.

Main Results:

  • Thematic analysis revealed three key themes: developmental perspectives, predictive factors for child suicide, and the emancipation of children as active societal agents.
  • Recent literature indicates a shift towards valuing the perspectives of children and adolescents on suicide.
  • Temporal and geographic trends in the conceptualization of child suicide were identified.

Conclusions:

  • The conceptualization of suicide in children and adolescents is evolving, with increasing emphasis on developmental factors and the agency of young people.
  • Clinical implications include tailoring interventions to developmental stages and acknowledging children's voices.
  • Future research should continue to refine the concept of child and adolescent suicide, incorporating these evolving perspectives.