[Autogeneic and allogeneic bone transplantation: indication, technic and results]

Autograft and allograft bone transplantation is frequently performed to achieve sufficient stability in the primary or secondary treatment of fractures with cortical defects. The ingrowth of bone in his new environment develops in three consecutive periods: the revascularisation, the osteogenic regeneration and the functional adaptation. There is an important histomorphologic difference between the autografts and allografts in the first period of their development. Therefore there are different indications for the performance of autograft or allograft bone transplantation. An autograft bone transplantation implies an adjuvant surgical procedure with possible complications, otherwise after allograft bone transplantation a higher infection risk exists. At the University Clinic of Essen we performed 374 autograft bone transplantations with a complication rate of 2.7% at the donor site and only 0.6% at the receptor site. Infection rate after allograft bone transplantation was 5.7%.